What is a Habitation Check?
Our guide will provide you with an in-depth look at a habitation check, what it covers, and why we think it is important to complete it annually.
What is a Habitation Check?
A habitation check is an extensive examination of the equipment, systems and appliances onboard a motorhome or camper van. The areas covered are as follows: Underbody, Electrical systems, the Water system, Bodywork, Ventilation, the Gas system and fire safety. A detailed examination will identify potential safety hazards early, prevent costly repairs and enhance the overall value of your vehicle. A habitation check follows a thorough procedure, from inspecting fire risks and ventilation systems to identifying issues with damp, water, electrical systems, and bodywork. It provides you with a comprehensive report outlining necessary actions.
A breakdown of the areas covered
Underbody
Regularly inspecting the underbody of your motorhome is crucial, even though it's an area often overlooked. This part of the vehicle is out of sight and out of mind, but keeping it in good condition can prevent costly repairs and ensure your safety. Here's what is examined during an underbody check: Corner Steadies (If fitted): Ensure that the corner steadies function correctly and securely. These help stabilise your motorhome when parked. Folding Steps: Whether manual or electric, check that the folding steps are in good working order. Look for signs of wear or damage that might affect their functionality. Tanks: Inspect any underslung tanks for signs of damage, leaks, or secure fittings. Pipes: Check pipes for any visible damage or loose fittings. Ensure they are firmly in place and not vulnerable to being knocked while driving. Slide-out Lockers: Ensure lockers are securely fitted and functioning well, preventing any unexpected issues when using them. ​
Electrical Systems
Ensuring the safety and proper functioning of your motorhome's electrical system is essential for a smooth and enjoyable journey. Regular checks on both the 230V and 12V systems can prevent unexpected issues. Here's a comprehensive guide to the key electrical components that are inspected: 230V System: Test the 230V RCD: Ensure the Residual Current Device (RCD) is functioning properly. In the event of a fault, the RCD cuts off power to prevent electrical shocks. Fridge (230V operation): Test the fridge on 230V to ensure it's cooling effectively when connected to mains power. Heating (230V): Verify the heating system's operation when running on 230V to ensure it provides the necessary warmth for comfort. Water Heating (230V): Check the water heater to ensure it works correctly when connected to mains electricity. 230V Luminaries: Inspect all lighting fixtures powered by 230V to confirm they are properly functioning and secure. 230V Sockets: Test the 230V sockets throughout the motorhome to ensure they are operational and safe. 230V Inlet Socket and Cable: Examine the inlet socket and cable for any signs of damage or wear. This connection allows you to hook up to mains power while on the road safely. 12V System: All 12V Appliances: Check all appliances that operate on 12V, including fans, lights, and charging points, to ensure they are working as expected. Fridge (12V operation): Test the fridge on 12V to ensure it operates correctly when running off the leisure or vehicle battery. 12V Fuse Box and Ratings: Inspect the 12V fuse box for blown fuses and verify the correct ratings to ensure the system operates efficiently and safely. 12V Awning (if fitted): If your motorhome has a 12V-powered awning, check its functionality to ensure smooth operation when extending and retracting. Leisure Battery (if fitted): Examine the leisure battery to ensure it's properly charged and in good condition for powering interior devices. Interior Lighting and Equipment: Ensure that all interior lighting and 12V equipment function correctly, providing the necessary illumination and power for your comfort. Earth Bonding (Visual Inspection): Perform a visual inspection of the earth bonding to confirm that all connections are secure and the system is grounded correctly to avoid electrical hazards. Aftermarket Items: If any aftermarket electrical devices have been added to your motorhome (such as extra sockets, solar panels, or additional appliances), check these for proper installation, secure wiring, and functionality.
Water Systems
Maintaining your motorhome's water system ensures a smooth and comfortable travel experience. Regular water system checks can help prevent leaks, poor water flow, or contamination. Below is a list of key water system components that are checked: Water Pump and Pressure Switch/Micro Switch: Water Pump: Inspect the water pump to ensure it's functioning correctly. It provides water flow throughout the motorhome. Pressure Switch/Micro Switch: Check the pressure or micro switch for proper operation. This ensures the water pressure is regulated, and the pump turns on and off as needed, providing a consistent water flow. Taps, Valves, Pipes, and Tanks: Taps: Test all taps (kitchen, bathroom, etc.) to ensure they open and close smoothly, and check for leaks or drips. Valves: Inspect any valves that control water flow to different areas (e.g., shower, sink, toilet) to ensure they work as expected. Pipes: Check all water pipes for visible damage, leaks, or signs of wear. Make sure they are adequately secured and insulated where necessary. Water Tanks: Examine the water tanks for any signs of damage or leaks. Ensure the tanks are securely fitted and free from any blockages that could impede water flow. Water Inlets: Check the water inlets to ensure they are securely connected and free from obstructions. These are the points where you refill your fresh water tank, so ensuring they are in good condition will prevent any issues while filling up. Waste Inlets: Inspect the waste inlets, where wastewater from sinks, showers, and other drains enters the waste tank. Ensure no blockages, cracks, or leaks could affect wastewater flow. Waste Tanks, Pipes, and Outlets: Waste Tanks: Inspect the waste tanks for any signs of leaks or damage. Ensure they are properly sealed to avoid contamination or odour. Waste Pipes: Check the waste pipes for any clogs, cracks, or signs of wear. Properly functioning waste pipes are essential to ensure smooth drainage. Waste Outlets: Test the waste outlets to ensure they open and close properly and securely dispose of wastewater when you empty the tanks. Toilet and Cassette: Toilet: Check the toilet's operation, ensuring the flush works smoothly and there are no leaks. Cassette: If your motorhome uses a cassette toilet, inspect the cassette for signs of wear, leaks, or damage. Ensure the cassette is securely locked in place when not in use and easy to remove and empty.
Bodywork
Regularly checking the bodywork of your motorhome is essential for maintaining its overall integrity, comfort, and safety. A comprehensive inspection of various components can help identify any areas needing attention before travelling. Here's an overview of the key bodywork items that are inspected: Doors and Windows (Locks and Seals): Doors: Check all doors for smooth operation, ensuring they open and close correctly. Inspect door locks to ensure they function securely. Windows: Inspect the windows for any cracks, chips, or damage. Ensure that seals around windows are intact to prevent leaks or drafts. Seals: Examine the seals around doors and windows to ensure they are free from damage or wear. Worn seals can lead to leaks or reduced insulation. General Roof Condition (Visual Check): Roof: Conduct a visual inspection of the roof for any signs of damage, such as cracks, dents, or leaks. Ensure there are no areas where water can penetrate, which could cause internal damage. Roof Seals: Check the seals around any roof vents, skylights, or other openings to ensure they are intact and free of damage. Body Attachments (If Fitted): Attachments: Inspect any body attachments such as awnings, bike racks, or roof boxes. Ensure they are securely fitted and show no signs of wear or damage that could affect their functionality or safety. Floor (Checking for Delamination, Soft Spots, and Weaknesses): Delamination: Look for any signs of delamination or separation in the floor materials. This is important for ensuring the structural integrity of the motorhome's flooring. Soft Spots: Check for soft spots or areas that feel spongy. These spots could indicate underlying damage or water ingress, weakening the floor and leading to further damage. Weaknesses: Inspect the entire floor for any visible weaknesses or signs of wear, which could result from excessive pressure or water damage. Blinds and Flyscreens (Including Door If Fitted): Blinds: Test all blinds for proper function, ensuring they open and close smoothly. Look for any signs of damage, such as torn fabric or broken mechanisms. Flyscreens: If your motorhome has flyscreens, check them for tears or holes. Ensure they are securely fitted and can be easily opened and closed to keep insects out. Furniture: Furniture Condition: Inspect all furniture, such as chairs, tables, and beds, for any signs of wear or damage. Check that all fixtures and fittings are secure and that the furniture is stable and functional. Upholstery: Look for any tears, stains, or signs of excessive wear in the upholstery, which could affect the comfort and appearance of the interior. Damp Test (Readings Reported on a Separate Form): Damp Check: A damp test is conducted to check for signs of moisture within the walls, floor, or roof. This is essential for detecting any potential water ingress that could cause long-term damage to the motorhome's structure. The results are usually reported separately for your reference, and any areas of concern requiring immediate rectification are highlighted. Rising Roof (If Applicable): Rising Roof Condition: For motorhomes with a rising roof, inspect the roof mechanism to ensure it functions smoothly. Check for any signs of wear or damage to the lifting mechanism, seals, or fabric. Ensure the roof locks securely when in place and that there are no leaks.
Ventilation
A well-functioning ventilation system is crucial for maintaining a comfortable and healthy environment inside your motorhome. Proper ventilation ensures good air circulation, prevents moisture buildup, and helps keep the interior fresh. Below are the key ventilation components that are inspected: Fixed Ventilation (High and Low): High Ventilation: Any high-level vents installed in the motorhome, typically located near the roof or upper walls, should be clear of any blockages, such as dirt or debris, and function properly. High ventilation is essential for allowing warm air to escape, which helps maintain a comfortable interior temperature. Low Ventilation: Low-level vents are typically located near the floor and allow cool air to enter the vehicle. These vents should be checked for blockages or damage. Proper airflow through both high and low vents is essential to maintain a balance of air circulation inside your motorhome. Windows Ventilation: Windows as Ventilation: Many motorhomes feature windows that can be opened slightly to provide additional ventilation. Check the window seals and locking mechanisms to ensure they function correctly and that there are no signs of wear or leakage. If your windows have vented openings, ensure these can be easily adjusted to regulate airflow. Floor Ventilation: Some motorhomes include ventilation grilles or vents on the floor. These vents allow fresh air to enter the vehicle and help prevent condensation buildup. Ensure these vents are not obstructed by debris or dirt. Check the grilles to ensure they are correctly fitted and securely in place. Rooflights: Rooflights Condition: Rooflights provide natural light and additional airflow within your motorhome. Inspect the roof lights for cracks, leaks, or damage to the seals. Ensure that the opening and closing mechanisms work smoothly, and check that the roof light remains securely closed during travel to prevent water ingress. Operation: Test the roof light to ensure that it opens and closes properly and that the latch or lock holds it in place. Also, make sure there are no blockages preventing airflow when it is open.
Gas Systems
Ensuring your motorhome's gas system is safe and functioning correctly is essential for your comfort and safety. The gas system powers key appliances, such as the stove, water heater, and fridge, and requires regular checks to ensure everything operates smoothly. Below are the critical gas system components that are inspected: Regulator, Gas Hose, Pipework, and Valves: Regulator: Check the gas regulator for signs of wear or damage. The regulator controls gas flow to your appliances and must be in good working condition. Also, ensure the regulator is within its expiration date, as outdated regulators may not function properly or safely. Gas Hose and Pipework: Inspect all gas hoses and pipes for any signs of wear, cracks, or leaks. Ensure the hoses are securely attached and that there are no loose fittings. Gas hoses and pipework must be within their recommended service dates; expired hoses should be replaced to maintain safety. Check for clear connections and ensure no corrosion or damage is present. Gas Valves: Test the valves for smooth operation, ensuring they can be easily turned on and off without issues. Carry Out Soundness Test: A soundness test checks for gas leaks in the system. This test should be carried out regularly to ensure no leaks in the gas pipework, hoses, or connections. A professional service technician typically performs this test using a leak detector fluid to detect any bubbling where gas is escaping. Gas Cylinder Security: Check the security of the gas cylinders inside the gas locker. Ensure that they are adequately secured to prevent movement during travel, which could lead to leaks or damage. LPG Tank (If Fitted): If your motorhome is fitted with an LPG tank instead of individual cylinders, ensure the tank is securely fastened. Check the tank for any signs of damage, rust, or leaks around the fittings and valves. The tank should also be inspected for corrosion or wear, especially around the inlet and outlet points. Cooking Equipment (Including FFDs): Test the cooking equipment, such as the stove or hob, to ensure it operates correctly. Also, check that all Flame Failure Devices (FFDs) are functioning. These safety devices automatically cut off the gas supply if the flame goes out unexpectedly, preventing dangerous gas buildup. Gas Heating System: If your motorhome has a gas-powered heating system, check that it works properly. Ensure the gas supply is flowing, and the heater provides sufficient heat. Inspect the system for any unusual noises, smells, or irregular operation. Water Heater: If your motorhome's water heater operates on gas, ensure it is heating water efficiently and that the gas supply is stable. Check for any signs of malfunction, such as delayed heating or insufficient hot water output. Gas Fridge: If your motorhome has a gas-powered fridge, test the appliance to ensure it is cooling correctly when running on gas. Ensure the gas supply is uninterrupted, and ensure the fridge is functioning as expected. Check All Gas Drop Vents: Gas drop vents are designed to allow any leaked gas to exit the motorhome safely. Make sure all gas drop vents are clear of debris and obstructions, functioning properly, and allowing gas to vent outside in case of a leak.
Fire Safety
Fire safety is a critical aspect of maintaining your motorhome. Ensuring that your fire safety equipment is in good working order can make a significant difference in an emergency. Below are the key fire safety items that are inspected: Smoke Alarm: The smoke alarm is your first line of defence in detecting a fire. Ensure that the smoke alarm is installed so that it can effectively detect smoke and alert you early. Test the alarm regularly to ensure it works, and replace the batteries as needed. If your smoke alarm is wired to the vehicle's electrical system, ensure it receives power and functions correctly. It's also important to check the alarm's expiration date, as smoke alarms may lose effectiveness over time. Carbon Monoxide Alarm: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a dangerous, odourless gas produced by appliances like stoves, heaters, and water heaters. Install a carbon monoxide alarm in a suitable location to detect any hazardous CO buildup in your motorhome. Test the alarm regularly to ensure it's operational, and change the batteries as needed. Like with smoke alarms, check the CO alarm's expiration date and replace it as recommended by the manufacturer. Fire Blanket: A fire blanket is essential to smother small fires, particularly kitchen fires caused by cooking. Ensure your fire blanket is easily accessible, stored in a visible location, and in good condition. The blanket should be free from tears or damage and replaced if it has been used or is past its expiry date. Familiarise yourself with how to deploy the blanket quickly in an emergency. Fire Extinguisher: A fire extinguisher is vital for tackling small fires before they spread. Ensure that your fire extinguisher is the correct type for use in a motorhome—typically, a dry powder or foam extinguisher is suitable for various fire types. Regularly check the pressure gauge (if applicable) to ensure it is within the safe range. Inspect the extinguisher for any signs of damage or corrosion, and make sure the pin and safety seal are intact. Following the manufacturer's guidelines, fire extinguishers should be serviced and replaced when necessary.
Is A Habitation Check Worth Having?
Owning a motorhome provides the freedom to travel and explore, but just like any vehicle, it requires maintenance to keep it in the best possible condition. One essential part of this maintenance is the annual habitation check. Here's why it's worth having done: Spot Potential Issues Early: A habitation check is a comprehensive inspection of the living area of your motorhome, covering vital systems such as electricity, gas, water, and heating. It's easy to overlook minor problems, but an annual check can identify these early, preventing them from turning into more significant, costly repairs later. Addressing issues when they're small means avoiding inconvenience and costly downtime, ensuring your motorhome is ready for your next adventure. Keep Everything Safe and Compliant: The safety of your motorhome is paramount, and the habitation check ensures that all the key systems—such as gas appliances, electrical systems, and fire safety equipment—are in proper working order. This inspection identifies any faults that could pose a risk, such as gas leaks or electrical issues, ensuring your vehicle is safe to use. If you plan to travel abroad, keeping your motorhome in check also helps ensure it meets the necessary regulations for foreign travel. Protect Your Warranty: Maintaining your warranty is essential for those with newer motorhomes. Many manufacturers require regular habitation checks to ensure that the vehicle remains in good condition. Completing the check within the designated timeframes will keep your warranty intact, giving you peace of mind that repairs and replacements will be covered should any significant issues arise. Understand the Condition of a Secondhand Motorhome: An up-to-date habitation check is crucial if you're buying a secondhand motorhome. Seeking previous habitation reports can give you valuable insight into the vehicle's history and condition. Additionally, having a fresh check done before purchase will help you identify any potential issues and avoid buying a vehicle that might require expensive repairs in the near future. It gives you a clear understanding of the motorhome's condition and can also be helpful in negotiations. Sell with Confidence: If you plan to sell your motorhome, performing a habitation check beforehand can make the selling process smoother. It demonstrates to potential buyers that the motorhome is well-maintained and in good working condition. This transparency can give buyers confidence and help you secure a better price. It also ensures you and the buyer accurately understand the motorhome's current state. Extend the Lifespan of Your Motorhome: Regular habitation checks can extend the life of your motorhome by ensuring it stays in optimal condition. With regular attention, minor maintenance tasks can be performed to prevent significant problems from arising. This helps protect your investment and ensures you get years of enjoyment from your motorhome. Conclusion: An annual habitation check is an essential step in motorhome ownership. It ensures your vehicle is safe, compliant with regulations, and in the best possible condition. Whether you're keeping your warranty intact, buying or selling a motorhome, or simply protecting your investment, this check helps ensure your motorhome remains a reliable companion for many journeys to come.